The GNU C Library - Top

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Introduction	Purpose of the GNU C Library.
Error Reporting	How the GNU Library functions report error conditions.
Memory Allocation	Your program can allocate memory dynamically and manipulate it via pointers.
Character Handling	Character testing and conversion functions.
String and Array Utilities	Utilities for copying and comparing strings and arrays.
Extended Characters	Support for extended character sets.
Locales	The country and language can affect the behavior of library functions.
Searching and Sorting	General searching and sorting functions.
Pattern Matching	Matching wildcards and regular expressions, and shell-style ``word expansion''.
I/O Overview	Introduction to the I/O facilities.
Streams	High-level, portable I/O facilities.
Low-Level I/O	Low-level, less portable I/O.
File System Interface	Functions for manipulating files.
Pipes and FIFOs	A simple interprocess communication mechanism.
Sockets	A more complicated interprocess communication mechanism, with support for networking.
Low-Level Terminal Interface	How to change the characteristics of a terminal device.
Mathematics	Math functions (transcendental functions, random numbers, absolute value, etc.).
Arithmetic	Low-level arithmetic functions.
Date and Time	Functions for getting the date and time, and for conversion between formats.
Non-Local Exits	The setjmp and longjmp facilities.
Signal Handling	All about signals; how to send them, block them, and handle them.
Process Startup	Writing the beginning and end of your program.
Processes	How to create processes and run other programs.
Job Control	All about process groups and sessions.
Users and Groups	How users are identified and classified.
System Information	Getting information about the hardware and software configuration of the machine a program runs on.
System Configuration	Parameters describing operating system limits.
Appendices
Language Features	C language features provided by the library.
Library Summary	A summary showing the syntax, header file, and derivation of each library feature.
Maintenance	How to install and maintain the GNU C Library.
Copying	The GNU Library General Public License says how you can copy and share the GNU C Library.
Indices
Concept Index	Index of concepts and names.
Type Index	Index of types and type qualifiers.
Function Index	Index of functions and function-like macros.
Variable Index	Index of variables and variable-like macros.
File Index	Index of programs and files.
--- The Detailed Node Listing ---
Introduction
Getting Started	Getting Started
Standards and Portability	Standards and Portability
Using the Library	Using the Library
Roadmap to the Manual	Roadmap to the Manual
Standards and Portability
ANSI C	The American National Standard for the C programming language.
POSIX	The IEEE 1003 standards for operating systems.
Berkeley Unix	BSD and SunOS.
SVID	The System V Interface Description.
Using the Library
Header Files	How to use the header files in your programs.
Macro Definitions	Some functions in the library may really be implemented as macros.
Reserved Names	The C standard reserves some names for the library, and some for users.
Feature Test Macros	How to control what names are defined.
Error Reporting
Checking for Errors	How errors are reported by library functions.
Error Codes	What all the error codes are.
Error Messages	Mapping error codes onto error messages.
Memory Allocation
Memory Concepts	An introduction to concepts and terminology.
Dynamic Allocation and C	How to get different kinds of allocation in C.
Unconstrained Allocation	The malloc facility allows fully general dynamic allocation.
Obstacks	Obstacks are less general than malloc but more efficient and convenient.
Variable Size Automatic	Allocation of variable-sized blocks of automatic storage that are freed when the calling function returns.
Relocating Allocator	Waste less memory, if you can tolerate automatic relocation of the blocks you get.
Memory Warnings	Getting warnings when memory is nearly full.
Unconstrained Allocation
Basic Allocation	Simple use of malloc .
Malloc Examples	Examples of malloc . xmalloc .
Freeing after Malloc	Use free to free a block you got with malloc .
Changing Block Size	Use realloc to make a block bigger or smaller.
Allocating Cleared Space	Use calloc to allocate a block and clear it.
Efficiency and Malloc	Efficiency considerations in use of these functions.
Aligned Memory Blocks	Allocating specially aligned memory: memalign and valloc .
Heap Consistency Checking	Automatic checking for errors.
Hooks for Malloc	You can use these hooks for debugging programs that use malloc .
Statistics of Malloc	Getting information about how much memory your program is using.
Summary of Malloc	Summary of malloc and related functions.
Obstacks
Creating Obstacks	How to declare an obstack in your program.
Preparing for Obstacks	Preparations needed before you can use obstacks.
Allocation in an Obstack	Allocating objects in an obstack.
Freeing Obstack Objects	Freeing objects in an obstack.
Obstack Functions	The obstack functions are both functions and macros.
Growing Objects	Making an object bigger by stages.
Extra Fast Growing	Extra-high-efficiency (though more complicated) growing objects.
Status of an Obstack	Inquiries about the status of an obstack.
Obstacks Data Alignment	Controlling alignment of objects in obstacks.
Obstack Chunks	How obstacks obtain and release chunks. Efficiency considerations.
Summary of Obstacks
Automatic Storage with Variable Size
Alloca Example	Example of using alloca .
Advantages of Alloca	Reasons to use alloca .
Disadvantages of Alloca	Reasons to avoid alloca .
GNU C Variable-Size Arrays	Only in GNU C, here is an alternative method of allocating dynamically and freeing automatically. Relocating Allocator
Relocator Concepts	How to understand relocating allocation.
Using Relocator	Functions for relocating allocation.
Character Handling
Classification of Characters	Testing whether characters are letters, digits, punctuation, etc.
Case Conversion	Case mapping, and the like.
String and Array Utilities
Representation of Strings	Introduction to basic concepts.
String/Array Conventions	Whether to use a string function or an arbitrary array function.
String Length	Determining the length of a string.
Copying and Concatenation	Functions to copy the contents of strings and arrays.
String/Array Comparison	Functions for byte-wise and character-wise comparison.
Collation Functions	Functions for collating strings.
Search Functions	Searching for a specific element or substring.
Finding Tokens in a String	Splitting a string into tokens by looking for delimiters.
Extended Characters
Extended Char Intro	Multibyte codes versus wide characters.
Locales and Extended Chars	The locale selects the character codes.
Multibyte Char Intro	How multibyte codes are represented.
Wide Char Intro	How wide characters are represented.
Wide String Conversion	Converting wide strings to multibyte code and vice versa.
Length of Char	how many bytes make up one multibyte char.
Converting One Char	Converting a string character by character.
Example of Conversion	Example showing why converting one character at a time may be useful.
Shift State	Multibyte codes with "shift characters".
Locales and Internationalization
Effects of Locale	Actions affected by the choice of locale.
Choosing Locale	How the user specifies a locale.
Locale Categories	Different purposes for which you can select a locale.
Setting the Locale	How a program specifies the locale.
Standard Locales	Locale names available on all systems.
Numeric Formatting	How to format numbers for the chosen locale.
Searching and Sorting
Comparison Functions	Defining how to compare two objects. Since the sort and search facilities are general, you have to specify the ordering.
Array Search Function	The bsearch function.
Array Sort Function	The qsort function.
Search/Sort Example	An example program.
Pattern Matching
Wildcard Matching	Matching a wildcard pattern against a single string.
Globbing	Finding the files that match a wildcard pattern.
Regular Expressions	Matching regular expressions against strings.
Word Expansion	Expanding shell variables, nested commands, arithmetic, and wildcards. This is what the shell does with shell commands.
I/O Overview
I/O Concepts	Some basic information and terminology.
File Names	How to refer to a file.
I/O Concepts
Streams and File Descriptors	The GNU Library provides two ways to access the contents of files.
File Position	The number of bytes from the beginning of the file.
File Names
Directories	Directories contain entries for files.
File Name Resolution	A file name specifies how to look up a file.
File Name Errors	Error conditions relating to file names.
File Name Portability	File name portability and syntax issues.
I/O on Streams
Streams	About the data type representing a stream.
Standard Streams	Streams to the standard input and output devices are created for you.
Opening Streams	How to create a stream to talk to a file.
Closing Streams	Close a stream when you are finished with it.
Simple Output	Unformatted output by characters and lines.
Character Input	Unformatted input by characters and words.
Line Input	Reading a line or a record from a stream.
Unreading	Peeking ahead/pushing back input just read.
Formatted Output	printf and related functions.
Customizing Printf	You can define new conversion specifiers for printf and friends.
Formatted Input	scanf and related functions.
Block Input/Output	Input and output operations on blocks of data.
EOF and Errors	How you can tell if an I/O error happens.
Binary Streams	Some systems distinguish between text files and binary files.
File Positioning	About random-access streams.
Portable Positioning	Random access on peculiar ANSI C systems.
Stream Buffering	How to control buffering of streams.
Temporary Files	How to open a temporary file.
Other Kinds of Streams	Other Kinds of Streams
Unreading
Unreading Idea	An explanation of unreading with pictures.
How Unread	How to call ungetc to do unreading.
Formatted Output
Formatted Output Basics	Some examples to get you started.
Output Conversion Syntax	General syntax of conversion specifications.
Table of Output Conversions	Summary of output conversions, what they do.
Integer Conversions	Details of formatting integers.
Floating-Point Conversions	Details of formatting floating-point numbers.
Other Output Conversions	Details about formatting of strings, characters, pointers, and the like.
Formatted Output Functions	Descriptions of the actual functions.
Variable Arguments Output	vprintf and friends.
Parsing a Template String	What kinds of arguments does a given template call for?
Customizing Printf
Registering New Conversions
Conversion Specifier Options
Defining the Output Handler
Printf Extension Example
Formatted Input
Formatted Input Basics	Some basics to get you started.
Input Conversion Syntax	Syntax of conversion specifications.
Table of Input Conversions	Summary of input conversions and what they do.
Numeric Input Conversions	Details of conversions for reading numbers.
String Input Conversions	Details of conversions for reading strings.
Other Input Conversions	Details of miscellaneous other conversions.
Formatted Input Functions	Descriptions of the actual functions.
Variable Arguments Input	vscanf and friends.
Stream Buffering
Buffering Concepts	Terminology is defined here.
Flushing Buffers	How to ensure that output buffers are flushed.
Controlling Buffering	How to specify what kind of buffering to use.
Other Kinds of Streams
String Streams
Custom Streams
Programming Your Own Custom Streams
Streams and Cookies
Hook Functions
Low-Level I/O
Opening and Closing Files	How to open and close file descriptors.
I/O Primitives	Reading and writing data.
File Position Primitive	Setting a descriptor's file position.
Descriptors and Streams	Converting descriptor to stream or vice-versa.
Stream/Descriptor Precautions	Precautions needed if you use both descriptors and streams.
Waiting for I/O	How to check for input or output on multiple file descriptors.
Control Operations	Various other operations on file descriptors.
Duplicating Descriptors	Fcntl commands for duplicating descriptors.
Descriptor Flags	Fcntl commands for manipulating flags associated with file descriptors.
File Status Flags	Fcntl commands for manipulating flags associated with open files.
File Locks	Fcntl commands for implementing file locking.
Interrupt Input	Getting a signal when input arrives.
File System Interface
Working Directory	This is used to resolve relative file names.
Accessing Directories	Finding out what files a directory contains.
Hard Links	Adding alternate names to a file.
Symbolic Links	A file that ``points to'' a file name.
Deleting Files	How to delete a file, and what that means.
Renaming Files	Changing a file's name.
Creating Directories	A system call just for creating a directory.
File Attributes	Attributes of individual files.
Making Special Files	How to create special files.
Accessing Directories
Directory Entries	Format of one directory entry.
Opening a Directory	How to open a directory stream.
Reading/Closing Directory	How to read directory entries from the stream.
Simple Directory Lister	A very simple directory listing program.
Random Access Directory	Rereading part of the directory already read with the same stream.
File Attributes
Attribute Meanings	The names of the file attributes, and what their values mean.
Reading Attributes	How to read the attributes of a file.
Testing File Type	Distinguishing ordinary files, directories, links...
File Owner	How ownership for new files is determined, and how to change it.
Permission Bits	How information about a file's access mode is stored.
Access Permission	How the system decides who can access a file.
Setting Permissions	How permissions for new files are assigned, and how to change them.
Testing File Access	How to find out if your process can access a file.
File Times	About the time attributes of a file.
Pipes and FIFOs
Creating a Pipe	Making a pipe with the pipe function.
Pipe to a Subprocess	Using a pipe to communicate with a child.
FIFO Special Files	Making a FIFO special file.
Sockets
Socket Concepts	Basic concepts you need to know about.
Communication Styles	Stream communication, datagrams, and others.
Socket Addresses	How socket names (``addresses'') work.
File Namespace	Details about the file namespace.
Internet Namespace	Details about the Internet namespace.
Open/Close Sockets	Creating sockets and destroying them.
Connections	Operations on sockets with connection state.
Datagrams	Operations on datagram sockets.
Socket Options	Miscellaneous low-level socket options.
Networks Database	Accessing the database of network names.
Socket Addresses
Address Formats	About struct sockaddr .
Setting Address	Binding an address to a socket.
Reading Address	Reading the address of a socket.
Internet Domain
Internet Address Format	How socket addresses are specified in the Internet namespace.
Host Addresses	All about host addresses of Internet hosts.
Protocols Database	Referring to protocols by name.
Services Database	Ports may have symbolic names.
Byte Order	Different hosts may use different byte ordering conventions; you need to canonicalize host address and port number.
Inet Example	Putting it all together.
Host Addresses
Abstract Host Addresses	What a host number consists of.
Data type	Data type for a host number.
Functions	Functions to operate on them.
Names	Translating host names to host numbers.
Open/Close Sockets
Creating a Socket	How to open a socket.
Closing a Socket	How to close a socket.
Socket Pairs	These are created like pipes.
Connections
Connecting	What the client program must do.
Listening	How a server program waits for requests.
Accepting Connections	What the server does when it gets a request.
Who is Connected	Getting the address of the other side of a connection.
Transferring Data	How to send and receive data.
Byte Stream Example	An example client for communicating over a byte stream socket in the Internet namespace.
Server Example	A corresponding server program.
Out-of-Band Data	This is an advanced feature.
Transferring Data
Sending Data	Sending data with write .
Receiving Data	Reading data with read .
Socket Data Options	Using send and recv .
Datagrams
Sending Datagrams	Sending packets on a datagram socket.
Receiving Datagrams	Receiving packets on a datagram socket.
Datagram Example	An example program: packets sent over a datagram stream in the file namespace.
Example Receiver	Another program, that receives those packets.
Socket Options
Socket Option Functions	The basic functions for setting and getting socket options.
Socket-Level Options	Details of the options at the socket level.
Low-Level Terminal Interface
Is It a Terminal	How to determine if a file is a terminal device, and what its name is.
I/O Queues	About flow control and typeahead.
Canonical or Not	Two basic styles of input processing.
Terminal Modes	How to examine and modify flags controlling terminal I/O: echoing, signals, editing.
Line Control	Sending break sequences, clearing buffers...
Noncanon Example	How to read single characters without echo.
Terminal Modes
Mode Data Types	The data type struct termios and related types.
Mode Functions	Functions to read and set terminal attributes.
Setting Modes	The right way to set attributes reliably.
Input Modes	Flags controlling low-level input handling.
Output Modes	Flags controlling low-level output handling.
Control Modes	Flags controlling serial port behavior.
Local Modes	Flags controlling high-level input handling.
Line Speed	How to read and set the terminal line speed.
Special Characters	Characters that have special effects, and how to change them.
Noncanonical Input	Controlling how long to wait for input.
Special Characters
Editing Characters
Signal Characters
Start/Stop Characters
Mathematics
Domain and Range Errors	How overflow conditions and the like are reported.
Not a Number	Making NANs and testing for NANs.
Trig Functions	Sine, cosine, and tangent.
Inverse Trig Functions	Arc sine, arc cosine, and arc tangent.
Exponents and Logarithms	Also includes square root.
Hyperbolic Functions	Hyperbolic sine and friends.
Pseudo-Random Numbers	Functions for generating pseudo-random numbers.
Absolute Value	Absolute value functions.
Pseudo-Random Numbers
ANSI Random	rand and friends.
BSD Random	random and friends.
Low-Level Arithmetic Functions
Normalization Functions	Hacks for radix-2 representations.
Rounding and Remainders	Determinining the integer and fractional parts of a float.
Integer Division	Functions for performing integer division.
Parsing of Numbers	Functions for ``reading'' numbers from strings.
Predicates on Floats	Some miscellaneous test functions.
Parsing of Numbers
Parsing of Integers	Functions for conversion of integer values.
Parsing of Floats	Functions for conversion of floating-point.
Date and Time
Processor Time	Measures processor time used by a program.
Calendar Time	Manipulation of ``real'' dates and times.
Setting an Alarm	Sending a signal after a specified time.
Sleeping	Waiting for a period of time.
Processor Time
Basic CPU Time	The clock function.
Detailed CPU Time	The times function.
Calendar Time
Simple Calendar Time	Facilities for manipulating calendar time.
High-Resolution Calendar	A time representation with greater precision.
Broken-down Time	Facilities for manipulating local time.
Formatting Date and Time	Converting times to strings.
TZ Variable	How users specify the time zone.
Time Zone Functions	Functions to examine or specify the time zone.
Time Functions Example	An example program showing use of some of the time functions.
Signal Handling
Concepts of Signals	Introduction to the signal facilities.
Standard Signals	Particular kinds of signals with standard names and meanings.
Signal Actions	Specifying what happens when a particular signal is delivered.
Defining Handlers	How to write a signal handler function.
Generating Signals	How to send a signal to a process.
Blocking Signals	Making the system hold signals temporarily.
Waiting for a Signal	Suspending your program until a signal arrives.
Signal Stack	Using a Separate Signal Stack
BSD Signal Handling	Additional functions for backward compatibility with BSD.
Basic Concepts of Signals
Kinds of Signals	Some examples of what can cause a signal.
Signal Generation	Concepts of why and how signals occur.
Delivery of Signal	Concepts of what a signal does to the process.
Standard Signals
Program Error Signals	Used to report serious program errors.
Termination Signals	Used to interrupt and/or terminate the program.
Alarm Signals	Used to indicate expiration of timers.
Asynchronous I/O Signals	Used to indicate input is available.
Job Control Signals	Signals used to support job control.
Operation Error Signals	Used to report operational system errors.
Miscellaneous Signals	Miscellaneous Signals.
Signal Messages	Printing a message describing a signal.
Specifying Signal Actions
Basic Signal Handling	The simple signal function.
Advanced Signal Handling	The more powerful sigaction function.
Signal and Sigaction	How those two functions interact.
Sigaction Function Example	An example of using the sigaction function.
Flags for Sigaction	Specifying options for signal handling.
Initial Signal Actions	How programs inherit signal actions.
Defining Signal Handlers
Handler Returns
Termination in Handler
Longjmp in Handler
Signals in Handler
Nonreentrancy
Atomic Data Access
Generating Signals
Signaling Yourself	Signaling Yourself
Signaling Another Process	Send a signal to another process.
Permission for kill	Permission for using kill
Kill Example	Using kill for Communication
Blocking Signals
Why Block	The purpose of blocking signals.
Signal Sets	How to specify which signals to block.
Process Signal Mask	Blocking delivery of signals to your process during normal execution.
Testing for Delivery	Blocking to Test for Delivery of a Signal
Blocking for Handler	Blocking additional signals while a handler is being run.
Checking for Pending Signals	Checking for Pending Signals
Remembering a Signal	How you can get almost the same effect as blocking a signal, by handling it and setting a flag to be tested later.
Waiting for a Signal
Using Pause	The simple way, using pause .
Pause Problems	Why the simple way is often not very good.
Sigsuspend	Reliably waiting for a specific signal.
BSD Signal Handling
BSD Handler	BSD Function to Establish a Handler.
Blocking in BSD	BSD Functions for Blocking Signals
Process Startup and Termination
Program Arguments	Parsing your program's command-line arguments.
Environment Variables	How to access parameters inherited from a parent process.
Program Termination	How to cause a process to terminate and return status information to its parent.
Program Arguments
Argument Syntax	By convention, options start with a hyphen.
Parsing Options	The getopt function.
Example of Getopt	An example of parsing options with getopt .
Long Options	GNU utilities should accept long-named options. Here is how to do that.
Long Option Example	An example of using getopt_long .
Environment Variables
Environment Access	How to get and set the values of environment variables.
Standard Environment	These environment variables have standard interpretations.
Program Termination
Normal Termination	If a program calls exit , a process terminates normally.
Exit Status	The exit status provides information about why the process terminated.
Cleanups on Exit	A process can run its own cleanup functions upon normal termination.
Aborting a Program	The abort function causes abnormal program termination.
Termination Internals	What happens when a process terminates.
Child Processes
Running a Command	The easy way to run another program.
Process Creation Concepts	An overview of the hard way to do it.
Process Identification	How to get the process ID of a process.
Creating a Process	How to fork a child process.
Executing a File	How to make a child execute another program.
Process Completion	How to tell when a child process has completed.
Process Completion Status	How to interpret the status value returned from a child process.
BSD Wait Functions	More functions, for backward compatibility.
Process Creation Example	A complete example program.
Job Control
Concepts of Job Control	Concepts of Job Control
Job Control is Optional	Not all POSIX systems support job control.
Controlling Terminal	How a process gets its controlling terminal.
Access to the Terminal	How processes share the controlling terminal.
Orphaned Process Groups	Jobs left after the user logs out.
Implementing a Shell	What a shell must do to implement job control.
Functions for Job Control	Functions to control process groups.
Implementing a Job Control Shell
Data Structures	Introduction to the sample shell.
Initializing the Shell	What the shell must do to take responsibility for job control.
Launching Jobs	Creating jobs to execute commands.
Foreground and Background	Putting a job in foreground of background.
Stopped and Terminated Jobs	Reporting job status.
Continuing Stopped Jobs	How to continue a stopped job in the foreground or background.
Missing Pieces	Other parts of the shell.
Functions for Job Control
Identifying the Terminal	Determining the controlling terminal's name.
Process Group Functions	Functions for manipulating process groups.
Terminal Access Functions	Functions for controlling terminal access.
Users and Groups
User and Group IDs	Each user and group has a unique numeric ID.
Process Persona	The user IDs and group IDs of a process.
Why Change Persona	Why a program might need to change its user and/or group IDs.
How Change Persona	Restrictions on changing user and group IDs.
Reading Persona	Examining the process's user and group IDs.
Setting User ID
Setting Groups
Enable/Disable Setuid
Setuid Program Example	Setuid Program Example
Tips for Setuid
Who Logged In	Getting the name of the user who logged in, or of the real user ID of the current process.
User Database	Functions and data structures for accessing the user database.
Group Database	Functions and data structures for accessing the group database.
Database Example	Example program showing use of database inquiry functions.
User Database
User Data Structure
Lookup User
Scanning All Users	Scanning the List of All Users
Writing a User Entry
Group Database
Group Data Structure
Lookup Group
Scanning All Groups	Scanning the List of All Groups
System Information
Host Identification	Determining the name of the machine.
Hardware/Software Type ID	Determining the hardware type and operating system type.
System Configuration Limits
General Limits	Constants and functions that describe various process-related limits that have one uniform value for any given machine.
System Options	Optional POSIX features.
Version Supported	Version numbers of POSIX.1 and POSIX.2.
Sysconf	Getting specific configuration values of general limits and system options.
Minimums	Minimum values for general limits.
Limits for Files	Size limitations on individual files. These can vary between file systems or even from file to file.
Options for Files	Optional features that some files may support.
File Minimums	Minimum values for file limits.
Pathconf	Getting the limit values for a particular file.
Utility Limits	Capacity limits of POSIX.2 utility programs.
Utility Minimums	Minimum allowable values of those limits.
String Parameters	Getting the default search path.
Library Facilities that are Part of the C Language
Consistency Checking	Using assert to abort if something ``impossible'' happens.
Variadic Functions	Defining functions with varying numbers of arguments.
Null Pointer Constant	The macro NULL .
Important Data Types	Data types for object sizes.
Data Type Measurements	Parameters of data type representations.
Variadic Functions
Why Variadic	Reasons for making functions take variable arguments.
How Variadic	How to define and call variadic functions.
Argument Macros	Detailed specification of the macros for accessing variable arguments.
Variadic Example	A complete example.
How Variadic Functions are Defined and Used
Variadic Prototypes	How to make a prototype for a function with variable arguments.
Receiving Arguments	Steps you must follow to access the optional argument values.
How Many Arguments	How to decide whether there are more arguments.
Calling Variadics	Things you need to know about calling variable arguments functions.
Data Type Measurements
Width of Type	How many bits does an integer type hold?
Range of Type	What are the largest and smallest values that an integer type can hold?
Floating Type Macros	Parameters that measure floating-point types.
Structure Measurement	Getting measurements on structure types.
Floating Type Macros
Floating Point Concepts	Definitions of terminology.
Floating Point Parameters	Dimensions, limits of floating point types.
IEEE Floating Point	How one common representation is described.
Library Maintenance
Installation	How to configure, compile and install the GNU C library.
Reporting Bugs	How to report bugs (if you want to get them fixed) and other troubles you may have with the GNU C library.
Porting	How to port the GNU C library to a new machine or operating system.
Contributors	Who wrote what parts of the GNU C Library.
Porting the GNU C Library
Hierarchy Conventions	How the `sysdeps' hierarchy is layed out.
Porting to Unix	Porting the library to an average Unix-like system.