Programs that work with characters and strings often need to classify a character---is it alphabetic, is it a digit, is it whitespace, and so on---and perform case conversion operations on characters. The functions in the header file `ctype.h' are provided for this purpose.
Since the choice of locale and character set can alter the classifications of particular character codes, all of these functions are affected by the current locale. (More precisely, they are affected by the locale currently selected for character classification---the LC_CTYPE category; see Locale Categories.)
| Classification of Characters | Testing whether characters are letters, digits, punctuation, etc. |
| Case Conversion | Case mapping, and the like. |