The GNU C Library - I/O on Streams

Input/Output on Streams

This chapter describes the functions for creating streams and performing input and output operations on them. As discussed in I/O Overview, a stream is a fairly abstract, high-level concept representing a communications channel to a file, device, or process.

Streams	About the data type representing a stream.
Standard Streams	Streams to the standard input and output devices are created for you.
Opening Streams	How to create a stream to talk to a file.
Closing Streams	Close a stream when you are finished with it.
Simple Output	Unformatted output by characters and lines.
Character Input	Unformatted input by characters and words.
Line Input	Reading a line or a record from a stream.
Unreading	Peeking ahead/pushing back input just read.
Formatted Output	printf and related functions.
Customizing Printf	You can define new conversion specifiers for printf and friends.
Formatted Input	scanf and related functions.
Block Input/Output	Input and output operations on blocks of data.
EOF and Errors	How you can tell if an I/O error happens.
Binary Streams	Some systems distinguish between text files and binary files.
File Positioning	About random-access streams.
Portable Positioning	Random access on peculiar ANSI C systems.
Stream Buffering	How to control buffering of streams.
Other Kinds of Streams	Streams that do not necessarily correspond to an open file.